John b



' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE;

iviAcr'iiNE Fon rLAiiiNe OBNAMNTAL MoLnINGs.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 7,1811, dated March 19, 1850.

eXact description o-f the construction and operation of my saidimprovements as made on and in connection with said above men-1 tionedmachine, which in order to enable others skilled 1n the artto make anduse to advantage I shall describe together as` one machine` and thenpoint out what I claim` as new in lcontradistinction to the old parts;thereof, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making a part ofthis specifica-I zontally through the end of R, R, and Q, t,

Figure l, is a longitudinal elevation. Fig. l

2, a surface or birdseye view, and Fig. 3, a transverse elevation, ofsaid machine. F igs..` 44f, 5, 6, are face and transverse section viewsIof moldings produced by the same. Fig. 7 ,j a partial perspective sideelevation and surface view cfa section of the carriage C, supporting thegageI, guide h, compound scrap-j ers, 7c, Z, and compound molding O.Fig. 8,'

tion, in whichthe end edgeviews of said scraper-s. Fig. 9, a concave,and F 1g. l0, a convex face view of the same as hereinafter setforthand. de-l scribed, the same parts being `indicated by similar letters ofreference throughout.

A, is the base, or supporting frame of thel jwhole machine. B, the upperside rails of `the same, upon which the carriage C, is arranged totraverse, horizontally `lengthwise ,guided by Vs `fitted intothe`grooves D,l

fwhich are cut longitudinally in the upper surface of B. Said carriageC, is propelled by means of the pinion E, upon the shaft F, which piniongoes into therack G, `which is afliXed lengthwise` to the under surfaceof the central rail of the carriage C. Upon one of the side rails of, issecured the gages I, K, which are made of flat metal bars one beingplaced uponits edge, and the other upon its face, and `secured to C, bymeansof chucks or flanges L. The `projectingedge of these bars, are cutinto teeth or figured projections, which are formed with a `view toproduce the desired figure `of molding to be wrought. Lengthwise uponthe opposite siderail of G, is fixed a cleat, or stop M, be-

tween, which and the gage I, is left a space,`

into which is fitted the forming board N, upon which, the slab for themolding O, is partially glued or otherwise secured for being wrought.` j

P, is a swivel carriage, which is suspended horizontally over the`carriage C, within two gallows frames V, W, which frames stride over,and are bolted to B. The rear end of the carriage `P, is supported bymeans of a swivel joint X, connecting itto a horizontal `cross rail Z,in the frame V, and its front end, upon the gages I, K, by means of theguides hi, rl. This front portion of P, I term `the tool frame Q, whichis` made to be det-ached at pleasure by means of the fastening bolts e,e.

R, R, are two clamps, placed one on each side of the cross bar Q, t, andsecured by two graduating bolts 0, o, which pass horiand provided vwithset nuts attheir outer ends, by means of which in combination with theadjusting block n, the Scrapers lo, Z,

on both sides.V In order to form the compound Scrapers a portion of thebottom ends of said plates, or plain scrapers, is bent, or swedgedlongitudinally and reverse to each other, into such curves, or angles,as may be requisite to produce the transverse figures preferred. "TheseScrapers aresecured in the tool frame in the `samemanner as the plainScrapers in Fig. l, where onlyone scraper is required to perform plainwork, although the two maybe used provided that they-A track alike, orwork into the same figures, as here represented. This however is not thecase with the said compoundscrapers, which are set with these curves:reverse to each other as shown in Fig. 7, where all of the partsexhibited are drawn on a full scale, and relatively located precisely asin the machine, when in operation. Y

It will here be observed thatf the figures t0 and formed upon themolding O, are A.

not indicated upon the gage I, they being a combination of the reversecurves produced by the reverse action of the two Scrapers each of which,by means of the blank spaces o, on said gage, passes quite over the workdone by the other and begins to take eect, (as the carriagereciprocates,) the reverse way from where the other began, in theprevious counter motion of the carriage, consequently the right handlines of and w, are formed by the scrapers Zc and Z, as they are letdown by the guide h, as it descends from the blank spaces o, into thefirst notch bet-Ween it and z, and as the carriage moves to the left theprojections a, cause each of the Scrapers to form two semicircularfigures on said molding, between w and a',

and as the Scrapers are raising to pass over the next space o, on saidgage, 7c, forms the left hand side of the Figs. a and Z, thev same sideof the Fig. fw, and so on to the end as the carriage returns, eachscraper performs its work back over the same surface,

in which, as before stated the scraper 7c,

Itical set screw, descending through a horizontal flange, or portion ofits upper end. The guide holder g, is a horizontal projecting flange,nearly opposite to f, on the outside of Q. In these two holders are setthe guides L, z', which are adjusted by the screw bolts j, j, which passthrough slots in saidl guides, into the said holders. The guides h, 71,are straight flat bars, the latter being bent at its lower end at aright angle, in order to bear against the edge of the gage K. Theimpinging ends of both guides are obtusely wedge shaped in order to fitinto the figures of the gages upon which they are held or supportedsidewise by means of projecting guards, u, at their lower outer corners.Lengthwise over the swivel frame P, is placed the lever spring, U, withits rear end resting on P, near X, and its front end on the cross bar Q,t, upon which its pressure is regulated by the screw ZJ, which passesvertically through the cap of W, and bears upon said spring near itscenter.

The side lever` spring c, is placed horizon tally outside of the framesV, W, opposite to I), with its rear end bearing against the post of V,and its front against a fiange on the side of Q, against which itspressure is regulated by the screw CZ, which passes through near itscenter into the post of W. The office of the spring U, and c, i's tokeep the requisite downward and horizontal pressure upon the frame Q,while in operation.

Having described the general structure and arrangement of said machine,which combines my improvement with the old plan, I will now brieflypoint out what I conceive to be some of the important peculiarities incontradistinction to all processes' of planing, whether executed by handor machinery, and also to the old machine for making moldings and thelimited style of work thereby produced. In the first place, theinstrument directly employed in performing the work in my machine, isbrought to an edge, by being beveled alike o-n both sides, and is placedand operated in a vertical position to the line of motion, andconsequently reduces the opposing surface, by a scraping process only.On the contrary, all plane irons are beveled only on one side, and areplaced and operated at an angle of about 45 degrees with the line ofmotion, and consequently operate exclusively as cutters.

The scraper in my machine forms the minutest and most perfect figures,boldly projected, and divided by. transverse interstices terminating inthe most delicate and their relative capacities for the purposesdesigned. The productions of the old machine, were confined to moldingswrought with figures which were similar in their general forms, andvarying only in their longitudinal, span, curves, and projections, lasample of which is shown in Fig. 6. The restricted vpowers of thismachine, resulting in a limited range and sameness in the style of workproduced, was the inevitable consequence of its deficiency in thetransverse horizontal motion of the carriage P, and t-he ext-ra scraperit being constructed to voperate with only one gage, and one scraperwhich produces only the one vertical motion of the said carriage andsimilar figures the whole molding throughout see Fig. 6. In my improvedarrangement I have introduced the extra scraper K, Fig. 7, by which Iproduce moldings wrought with a variety of different formed figures, onthe same piece see Figs. 4, and 7, O. The next feature in my saidimprovement consists in producing the transverse motion of the carriageP, by the introduction of the side, or extra gage K, and thesubstitution of the universal joint Xfor the common hinge joint asbefore constructed.

By this last improvement, I am enabled to execute any style ofornamental waved molding, with greater facility and accuracy of design,and also with a greater perfec'- be done by hand or any other processthat I have ever known.

Fig. 5, is a plain sample of said double waved molding, executed by thislast mentioned arrangement with one scraper and two gages, which isshown in Fig. 2 as before mentioned.

Said machine operates as follows-The slab designed for the molding beingfixed upon the forming board N, which is placed upon the carriage C. Theswivel carriage P, having been partially raised for the purpose, is nowlet down which bring the scraper or scrapers, to the work, andthe guideor guides ha, z', upon their respective gage or gages. The machine isnow set in motion by hand or otherwise through the agency of the shaftF, pinion E, and rack G. The guide or guides h, z', as they pass overthe gage or gages, I, K, receive the resulting motion or motions whichare conveyed from them to the carriage P, and from it to the scraper orScrapers 7c, Z, which being forced downward and horizontally upontheslab by the springs U, and c, progressively delineate, and work out,upon its face or faces, such figures and forms as must necessarilyresult from the relative position, forms, and combined action,orinfluences of said gage or gagesupon the guide or guides &c. and asthe carriage C, reciprocates back and forth the said scraper or Scraperscontinue settling as the work progresses until the guide or guides: 7i,reach the bottom of the figures upon their respective gage or gages,which prevents ythe scraper or Scrapers from taking further effect uponthe work, and consequently completes the operation.

I do not claim to have invented or improved upon any plan of a plainingmachine whatever. Neither do I claim to be the inventor of any plan of amachine for forming ornamental moldings by a scraping process in whichonly one gage, and one scraper are used in combinationV with a toolframe, or

carriage which has only a vertical motion.

But

Vhat I do claim and desire to secure by Letters Patents, is-

l. The method of using two Scrapers, one in advance of the other, incombination with a single gage.

2. I also claim the method of using the universal joint, in combinationwith the swivel carriage and two gages, the same being constructedarranged and operated essentially, as above set forth and described.

JOHN B. H. CHATAIN.

Witnesses:

W. D. CRAFT, E. T. FARB.

